class review

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Monday in class we had a presentation over all the Modern Art movements it was real interesting. We even won candy through a hard test at the end. I thought that the Modern Art movements were interesting because it brought many new ways of thinking to design and was just something new in general. It was the first real push toward change away from classical thinking and ideas.

One thing from class that was interesting to me was the fact about the urinal winning the art competition even though it was a joke mocking art.

Question: What was the name of the melting clocks picture by dali?

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Monday in class we had a presentation. it was over all the modern art movements and it was real interesting we even won candy through a hard test at the end. i thought that the modern art movements were interesting because it brought many new ways of thinking to design and was just something new in general.

one thing from class that was interesting to me was the fact about the urinal winning the art competition even though it was a joke mocking art.

question: what was the name of the melting clocks picture by dali?

influenza

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This chapter was all about the influence of modern art. This chapter by far was the most organized chapter yet it was basically split into the different types of Modern Art. Starting with Cubism, moving to Futurism, then Dada, Surrealism, Expressionism, and Photography. Simple as that. We start off with Cubism, Cubism was started with Pablo Picaso who applied elements of African tribal arts to figures. Cubism evolved into an art form that analyzes planes of the subject matter, often from several points of view. These views or perceptions were used to construct a painting of rhythmic geometric planes. Objects were also looked at in basic shapes like an apple could be a cylinder. Cubist artists looked more into the object rather then just its outward appearance. After Cubism we move onto Futurism, Futurism was introduced by an Italian poet Filippo Marinetti. Futurism was about giving typography the design sense it needed. Words could be given speed and emotion. They could create scenes with the use of different directions which was different from the past which used vertical and horizontal direction.

Dada was the next movement on the list. Even though its not meant to be a movement we consider it one. Dada was created mocking art and making fun of society. My favorite example of Dada is the urinal and how it was put into an art competition to make fun of art but it ended up winning. Although Dada wasn’t meant to be art many uses came from it like montages. The next movement was Surrealism. Surrealism is best described by the book as “more real then real world behind the real.” Meaning the world of dreams the imagination. This was art that portrayed the unconscious mind, it never dealed with reality it threw away ideas such as gravity and space. Salvador Dali is a famous painter of this period.

I find it interesting that people follow these movements and when something new comes we tend to follow that until something else comes.

Question: on page 268 how exactly was that photograph with the gun and letter stenciling made.

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This chapter i found interesting because we are obviously getting into more modern designs. and ideas. this chapter was well organized and i found it very interesting. here is a summary of the chapter along with some questions and my thoughts.

Chapter 13

Influence of Modern Art

Cubism- a design concept individual of nature, cubism began a new artistic movement. The genesis of this movement was pablo picaso(1881-1973). Who applied elements of ancient liberian and Africa Tribal art to the human figure. Over the years picasso and his associate Georges Braque developed cubism as the art movement that replaced the rendering of appearances with endless possibilities of invented form .Analytical cubism is what they called their work from 1910-1912. The work analyzed the planes of the subject matter, often from several points of view and used these perceptions to construct a painting composed of rythmitic geometric planes.

Paul Cezanne-French-stated that the painter should “treat nature in terms ofof the cylinder and the sphere and the cone”

In 1913 Cubism evolved into Synthetic Cubism. Drawing on past observations, the cubists invented forms that were signs rather then representations of subject matter.The essence of an object rather then its outwards appearance.

Juan Gris(1887-1927 ) a major painter in the development of synthetic cubism. Gris had a profound influence on the development of geometric art and design . He used grids to organize and he “laid the subject matter’”

The City by Fernand Legar, 1919, is a cubism art. “A Composition of pure flat planes signifying the geometry, color, and energy of the modern city led its creator to “say that it was advertising that first drew the consequences” from it”

Question: What did he mean by that quote?

Futurism: Futurism was launched when Italian Poet Filippo Marinetti (1876-1944) published his manifesto of futurism in the paris newspaper Le Figaro his word stirred artists to test their ideas and forms against new realities of scientific and industrial society. The manifesto voiced enthusiam for war, the machine age, speed , and modern life. It shocked the public by proclaiming, “we will destroy muesuems, libraries, and fight against moralism, feminism, and all utilitarian cowardice” Giovanni Papini (1881-1956) began publication of of the journal Lacerba in florance, and typographic design was was pulled onto the artistic battlefield. “Free, dynamic, and peircing words could be given the velocity of stars, clouds, airplanes, explosions…” Futurists cast the previous constraints of horizontal and vertical structure away.Words were boldened for emphasis extra explanation marks for excitement more space for more space. Advertising used these design concepts. Fortunato Depero for example.

I like this futuristic movement because it starts to get away from the guided path that typography has been going down amd starts to bend the rules. I also find it interesting that advertising in history is considered art more then it is today. Cause we see so much of it today. Even though it still takes a lot of work to do it nowadays.

Dada- Reacting to WW1 dada movement had a strong negative and destructive element. Dadists said they were not creating art but mocking and defaming a society gone insane;even so several artists produced meaningful visual art and influenced graphic design. Dada artists claim to have invented photomontage. Heartfield created designs based on political situations he worked directly with photographs retrieved from newspapers or magazines and on occasion turned to photographs he had taked for him. He mailed his nazi postcard to nazi leaders which got him put on a secret nazi enemy list.

Dada was a major liberating movement that continued to inspire innovation and rebellion. Dada was born in protest against war and its destructive and exhibitionist activities became more absurd and extreme after the war ended. It enriched the visual vocabulary futurism started and continued the cubinism concepts of letterforms as concrete visual shapes.

Surrealism- “more real than real world behind the real”- the world of dreams, and the unconcious realm explored by frued. “Super Reality” Surrealism was not a style or a matter of aesthetics but rather a way of thinking or feeling, and a way of life. Intuition and feeling could be freed. The first surreal painter was Giorgio de Chiric often painted italian renaissance palaces and squares. Ernst was a painter who took wood engraving and added a surreal twist to them.

Salvador Dali- Spanish painter- Influenced graphic design in two waysm his deep perspectives inspired designers to bring vast depth to the flat printed page. And his naturalistic approach.

Expressionism- The tendency to depict not objective reality but subjective emotions and personal responses to subjects.

Photography-different exsposures were used in this time along with the use of different techniques such as placing objects on photo paper ect ect.

What I found interesting about this reading is why each movement came up and I found it interesting that most of these ideas came with war or post war ideas.

One question I have is… on page 268 how exactly was that photograph with the gun and letter stenciling made.

Weekly Blog

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This is an example of Frank Lloyd Wright typography that i found online. Its an example of Frank Lloyd design rather then his well known architecture work. I found this on google with a simple search of Frank Lloyd Wright. This picture shows the style of Frank Lloyd Wright and some of the style at the time. The typography used in this is obviously very neat and done cautiously. The image quality is up to standard since its digital now and not a photograph. And a word describing it would be clean and rectilinear which Frank Lloyd Wright was known for.

I find it interesting that Frank Lloyd Wright is not known for his graphic design but rather his architecture. Even though both are excpetional.

Question: Do you like Frank Lloyds Wrights design?

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wed

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Today in class we talked about Anna's presentation about 20th century Genesis Design.We then answered questions that other people had. This gave new insight to other people’s opinions on things . My question got answered and it helped me realize some new and interesting information.

One thing I found interesting about the class was Frank Lloyd Wright and how his design of houses. I like how each room flows into another room. This design is very elegant and it looks wonderful.

Question.- How come FLW is more known for his architecture and not his design. work?

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Today in class we talked about anna's presentation which was very interesting we learned about 20th century genesis design. then we had everyone answer questions that someone else had . my question got answered and it helped me out a lot.

one thing i found interesting about the class was frank lloyd wright and how his design of houses, and how each room flows into each room. This design is very nice and it looks great.

Question.- How come FLW is more known for his architecture and not his design work?

Genesis

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This chapter is entitled the Genesis of Twentieth Century Design. This chapter had two main points of focus. The first part was about Frank Lloyd Wright, the Glasgow school and the Vienna Seccession. While the second part is focused on Peter Berhens. The first part talks about the design of FLW. Whose work focused on “method and character and an all flowing sense.” Because FLW was a architect his design had a rectangular structure approach. He was considered the front of the emerging modern movement. He influenced many designers including "The Four." The Four were four students who teamed up; Charles Rennie mackintosh, Herbert Mcnair, Margaret, Frances Macdonald. The group used a varying of techniques including tempering floral and curvilinear elements with strong rectilinear structure, which was influenced by FLW. The Four eventually were taken in by a man named Tawlin Morris who was an art director at the Glasglow school of design. He supported the four's designs and pushed geometric spacial divisions and lyrical organics and put them into mass communication. A little later the Vienna Secession came. To be exact it was April 3rd 1897. The artists of the Vienna Secession preferred lines and bold movements. The Vienna Secession created the Ver Sacrum which was well know for its radical experimental in design. it was a square magazine that had designs that experimented with designs such as white text on white pages along with other strange designs never seen before. The last person i want to talk about is Peter Berhens. Peter Berhens was an architect/artist who used geometric form in his work he used a grid system to structure and space his layouts. He also became the first "Industrial Designer." He designed products such as street-lamps and tea kettles. Berhens had a fascination for sans serifs fonts and went on to create his own. He was also the first person to design an identity system for a company. He designed an AEG logo using a honeycomb layout with AEG in it.

One thing i find interesting. Was that there are many architect/designers. Because you don't see that much today.

Question: were the four part of the Vienna Secession?

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Once again i am going to use my notes cause i asked questions and made comments in them and i feel like this helped me last time and made things a bit more organized for me.

The Genesis of Twentieth Century Design,

As the 20^th century began artists and designers searched for new forms of exspression. Designers in Scotland, Austria, and germany moved away from the serpentine beauty of organic drawing and sought a new aesthetic philosophy to adress the changing society.

Frank Lloyd Wright and the Glasgow School

Frank was the first to move from a curvilinear approach towards a rectilinear approach to spactial organization. His designs were true to method true to purppose true to character. Wright saw space as the essence of design. Wright was at the front of the emerging modern movement.

Let me say I am happy that we have finnally reached this point I was getting sick of the manuscripts and the ellaborated designed borders.

Wright learned to incorporate white space because he he operated a printing press. And to combine various materials into a whole.

“The four-” Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Herbert Mcnair, Margaret, Frances Macdonald.

This group developed a unique style of lyrical originallity and symbolic complecity.They used tempering floral and curvillinear elements with strong rectilinear structure.

Mackintosh’s- main design theme was rising vertical lines often with subtle curves at the end to temper their junction with the horizantals.

Jessie Marion King- made a statement with medieval- style fantasy illustrations accompanied by stylized lettering.

Tawlin Morris- an art director of the Glasglow publishing firm. Morris contacted the four and embraced their ideas.Morris provided s forum for applying the geometric spatial divisions and lyrical organics forms to mass communications.His work emerged the english people to these visual ideas or modern design.

The Vienna Secession

The Vienna Secession came into beign on April 3^rd 1897. When the younger members of the Viennese Creative Artists Association resigned in protest, over the refusal of foreign artists and the clash between traditional and new ideas. Gustav Klimt lead the movement key members include Joseph Maria,Olbrich, Josef Hoffman, and Koloman Moser. This was a movement ahainst Art Noveau!!!! YAY!

These artists preffered Vigourous line art and Ver sacrum covers often combined with bold line drawings.

Question:Did the Secession Artists like art nouvoa or dislike I feel like the reading gave two opinions?

Question: is there somewhere to get the images in the book I would like them for my notes.

Later design turned geometric forms where the design langauge used squares rectangles and circles in repetition and combination.

Alfred Roller- made significant innovations to graphic design. He had control over complex line, tone, and form. He even would sacrafice legibility to achieve texture in a poser.

Moser and hoffman had ideas about clean geometric design, They opened the vienna workshops page 231.

Peter Behrens and the new Objectivity

GERMAN artist/architect, and designer Peter Behrens played a major role in charting a course for design in the first decade of the new century.he sought typographic reform, used a grid system to structure space in his layouts. Became known as “the first industrial designer” because of his designs for products like streetlamps and teapots. His early buildings pioneered non load bearing glass curtain walls spanning the space between support girders.

QUESTION: why are most of the designers of this time architects too?

Behrens liked sans-serif type and was interested in its typography

His interest in sans-serif was not limited to him the berthold foundry designed a series of ten sans serif.

Behrens was interested in typography so he met with Dr. Karl Klingspor of the Klingspor foundry who agreed to manufacture and release Berhens type. Berhen found succes with the release of his first typeface Eckmannschrift.He looked to create uniquely German type by combining heavy feeling with proportions of roman insriptions.

In 1903 behrens moved to Dusseldorf to become director of Dusseldorf schools of arts and crafts. He made students explore linear movement, pattern and geometric structure.

J.L. Mathieu Lauweriks used geometrical grids with cirlces and squares. In different combinations. It could be used to develop proportions, dimensions, and spatial divisions in designs.

Morrised repulsed against the industrial revolution while, Herman Muthesius and the Werkbund recognized the value of machines and advocated design.

Werkbund split into two factions one headed by mutheis argued for maximum use of mechanical manufacturing and standardization of design for industrial effeciency. Everything should be form and no ornament. The other faction led by van de velde argued for the primacy of individual artistic expression.

1908 Behrens copywrite of AEG haxagonel trademark.

AEG had a uniformed image. Including framing the space with a medium weight rule central placemnet of static elements exclusive use of Behrens-Antiqua Type and use of analogous colors.

in the reading i found it interesting that some people enjoyed the decorative style and they wanted to stay with it while others were despreate to move away from it (thank god).

Question

What was controversial about Peter Behrens the kiss?

Answer: Peter Behrens "The Kiss" was a controversial piece due to the fact that the wavy spaghetti like border which represents hair. looks like it is coming from two women this is very controversial for the time period.

wow i forgot to hit submit

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Art Nouveau focused on plant like lines... another ugly style according to me. But Art Nouveau focused on different elements including architecture, furniture and product design: teapots, dishes, spoons,houses, fashion and graphics including posters packages, and advertisements. The plant like line filled in areas with flowers and organic shapes. The female form also was used in design. If you look at the examples in the book you will notice that there is a lot of focus on the female. For example in one image she is smoking and in another holding flowers (Big Surprise) but to sum everything up there was a focuse on elegant flower borders and selective imagery and type for posters. And they started with the use of layering in their posters. Some important people from the time include, Jules Cheret, Eugene Grassat, Aubrey Bearsley, Charles Pickets, Alphonsie Mucha, Louis Rhead, and Van De Velde.

One thing i find interesting is that the women are being used in these posters way before there were any womens rights or women rights movements.

Question.... Why do these designers like to go back in time to recreate past styles? why do they feel thats important?

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Art Nouveau focused on plat like lines... another ugly style according to me. but art nouveau focused on a lot of different types architecture, furniture and product design, teapots, dishes, spoons,houses, fashion and graphics including posters packages, and advertisements. The plant like line filled in areas with flowers. The female form also was used in design in this time period. If you look at the examples in the book you will notice that there is a lot of focus on the female. For example in one image she is smoking and in another holding flowers (Big Surprise) but to sum everything up this period is a time that focused on elegant flower borders and more selective imagery and type for posters. And they started with the use of layering in their posters too. Some important people from the time include, Jules Cheret, Eugene Grassat, Aubrey Bearsley, Charles Pickets, Alphonsie Mucha, Louis Rhead, and Van De Velde.

One thing i find interesting is that the use of women is being used in these posters way before there were any womens rights or women rights movements.

Question.... Why do these designers like to go back in time to recreate past styles? why do they feel thats important?